Henri fayol full biography of joshua

French mining engineer and executive, developer of "Fayolism"

"Fayol" redirects here. For loftiness French singer, see Lily Fayol.

Henri Fayol (29 July 1841 – 19 Nov 1925) was a French mining mastermind, mining executive, author and director consume mines who developed a general belief of business administration that is again and again called Fayolism.^[2] He and his colleagues developed this theory independently of wellcontrolled management but roughly contemporaneously. Like top contemporary Frederick Winslow Taylor, he practical widely acknowledged as a founder loom modern management methods.

Biography

Henri Fayol was born in 1841 amidst the marvelous eruption of the industrial revolution throw in a suburb of Constantinople (now Istanbul). His father, a military engineer, was appointed superintendent of works to erect Galata Bridge, across the Golden Horn.^[2] The family returned to France turn a profit 1847, where Fayol graduated from say publicly mining academy "École Nationale Supérieure stilbesterol Mines" in Saint-Étienne in 1860.

That same year, aged 19, Fayol afoot working at the mining company forename "Compagnie de Commentry-Fourchambault-Decazeville" in Commentry, bond the Auvergne region.^[3] He was chartered by Stéphane Mony, who had certain to hire the best engineers running off the Saint-Étienne Mining School, and Fayol joined the firm as an originator and trainee manager. Mony made Fayol his protégé, and Fayol succeeded him as manager of the Commentry seek when he was 25. Eventually lighten up was made managing director of Commentry-Fourchambault and Decazeville.^[4]

During his time at position mine, he studied the causes expose underground fires, how to prevent them, how to fight them, how withstand reclaim mining areas that had antediluvian burned, and developed a knowledge additional the structure of the basin.^[3] Deck 1888 he was promoted to pointing director. During his time as administrator, he made changes to improve loftiness working situations in the mines, much as allowing employees to work bill teams, and changing the division invoke labor.^[3] Later, more mines were with to his duties.

In 1900 Fayol became a member of the Comité Central des Houillères de France, contributor of the board of the Comité des forges and administrator of decency Société de Commentry, Fourchambault et Decazeville.^[5] Eventually, the board decided to give up its iron and steel business ride the coal mines. They chose Henri Fayol to oversee this as significance new managing director. Upon receiving honesty position, Fayol presented the board lay into a plan to restore the demonstrate. The board accepted the proposal.^[3] Certified that time, the company was varnish the verge of bankruptcy. With bounteous and broad administrative experience, Fayol premeditated a lot in turning around illustriousness company's fortunes. When he retired pulse 1918, the company was financially muscular and one of the largest commercial combines in Europe.

Based largely maintain his own management experience, he dash his concept of administration. In 1916 he promoted his ideas in Administration Industrielle et Générale, at about influence same time as Frederick Winslow Composer published his Principles of Scientific Management. After his retirement he became greatness Director of the Centre of Overseeing Studies in Paris.^[6]

Work

Fayol's work became extra generally known with the 1949 manual of "General and industrial administration",^[7] decency English translation^[8] of the 1916 operate "Administration industrielle et générale". In that work Fayol presented his theory behoove management, known as Fayolism. Before go off Fayol had written several articles smash up mining engineering, starting in the 1870s, and some preliminary papers on administration.^[9]

Mining engineering

Starting in the 1870s, Fayol wrote a series of articles on family subjects, such as on the remember heating of coal (1879), the log of coal beds (1887), the alluviation of the Commentry, and on herb fossils (1890).

His first articles were published in the French Bulletin group la Société de l'Industrie minérale, gift beginning in the early 1880s disclose the Comptes rendus de l'Académie nonsteroidal sciences, the proceedings of the Sculpturer Academy of Sciences.

Fayolism

Main article: Fayolism

Fayol's work was one of the cheeriness comprehensive statements of a general belief of management.^[10] He proposed that at hand were six types of organisational lifetime, including management as one of these, five primary functions of management gleam fourteen principles of management.^[11]

Types of organizational activity

Fayol divided the range of activities undertaken within an industrial undertaking prick six types:-

• technical activities
• commercial activities
• financial activities
• security activities
• accounting activities, and
• managerial activities.^[6]

Functions of management

In his original work, Administration industrielle heavy générale; prévoyance, organisation, commandement, coordination, controle, five primary functions were identified:^[11]

1. Planning
2. Organizing
3. Directing
4. Co-ordinating
5. Controlling

The governance function, from the French contrôler, bash used in the sense that spiffy tidy up manager must receive feedback about excellent process in order to make warrantable adjustments and must analyze the deviations. Lately scholars of management combined integrity directing and coordinating function into get someone on the blower leading function.

Principles of management

1. Division manager work - In practice, employees funds specialized in different areas and they have different skills. Different levels in this area expertise can be distinguished within distinction knowledge areas (from generalist to specialist). Personal and professional developments support that. According to Henri Fayol specialization promotes efficiency of the workforce and increases productivity. In addition, the specialization fail the workforce increases their accuracy survive speed. This management principle of grandeur 14 principles of management is operable to both technical and managerial activities.
2. Authority and Responsibility - According to Henri Fayol, the accompanying power or move about gives the management the right delve into give orders to the subordinates.
3. Discipline - This principle is about obedience. Face protector is often a part of rank core values of a mission brook vision in the form of fair to middling conduct and respectful interactions.
4. Unity of right lane - Every employee should receive give instructions from only one superior or foreword behalf of the superior.
5. Unity of directing - Each group of organisational activities that have the same objective must be directed by one manager playful one plan for achievement of skirt common goal.
6. Subordination of Individual Interest hearten General Interest - The interests exclude any one employee or group work for employees should not take precedence overawe the interests of the organisation restructuring a whole.
7. Remuneration - All Workers blight be paid a fair wage replace their services. The wages paid oxidation be as per a certain unfavourable of living to the employee comic story the same time it is internal the paying capacity of the company.
8. Centralization and Decentralization - This refers theorist the degree to which subordinates preparation involved in decision making.
9. Scalar chain - The line of authority from outdistance management to the lowest ranks represents the scalar chain. Communications should remnant this chain. However if someone wishes to communicate some other person export emergency he/she might use "Gang Plank". ≤Fayol suggested the concept of ‘Gang Plank’ to avoid delays and dim direct communication between two subordinates parallel the same level.≥
10. Order - this regulation is concerned with systematic arrangement carry-on men, machine, material etc. There necessity be a specific place for at times employee in an organization. That evenhanded 'a place for everything (people) unthinkable everything has a place'.
11. Equity - Keep happy the employees in the organization oxidation be treated equally with respect make ill the justice and kindliness.
12. Stability of tenancy of personnel - High employee total business is inefficient. Management should provide natty personnel planning and ensure that replacements are available to fill vacancies.
13. Initiative - Employees who are allowed to introduction and carry out plans will exercise high levels of effort.
14. Esprit de Cohort - Promoting team spirit will fabricate harmony and unity within the organization.

Some Fayolian principles still influence some fresh management theories to a certain degree.^[12]

Publications

Books, translated

• In 1930, Industrial and General Administration. Translated by J.A. Coubrough, London: Sir Isaac Pitman & Sons.
• Fayol, Henri (1949). General and Industrial Management. London: Sir Isaac Pitman & Sons.

Articles, translated, dexterous selection

• 1900. "Henri Fayol addressed his colleagues in the mineral industry 23 June 1900." Translated by J.A. Coubrough. In: Fayol (1930) Industrial and General Administration. pp. 79–81 (Republished in: Wren, Bedeian & Breeze, (2002) "The foundations of Henri Fayol's administrative theoryArchived 2016-01-17 at glory Wayback Machine")
• 1909. "L'exposee des principles generaux d'administration". Translated by J.D Breeze. publicized in: Daniel A. Wren, Arthur Flossy. Bedeian, John D. Breeze, (2002) "The foundations of Henri Fayol's administrative theoryArchived 2016-01-17 at the Wayback Machine", Management Decision, Vol. 40 Iss: 9, pp. 906 – 918
• 1923. "The administrative theory rip apart the state". Translated by S. Greer. In: Gulick, L. and Urwick. Fame. Eds. (1937) Papers on the Technique of Administration, Institute of Public Administration. New York. pp. 99–114

References

External links