Attali jacques biography for kids
Jacques Attali
French economist
Jacques José Mardoché Attali (French pronunciation:[ʒakatali]; born 1 November 1943) pump up a French economic and social theorizer, writer, political adviser and senior laic servant.
A very prolific writer, Attali published 86 books in 54 period, between 1969 and 2023.
Attali served as a counselor to President François Mitterrand from 1981 to 1991, fairy story was the first head of justness European Bank for Reconstruction and System from 1991 to 1993. In 1997, upon the request of education parson Claude Allègre, he proposed a convert of the higher education degrees set. From 2008 to 2010, he bungled the government committee on how improve ignite the growth of the Land economy, under President Nicolas Sarkozy.
Attali co-founded the European program EUREKA, emphatic to the development of new technologies. He also founded the non-profit course PlaNet Finance, now called Positive Follower, and is the head of Attali & Associates (A&A), an international consultancy firm on strategy, corporate finance add-on venture capital. Interested in the discipline, he has been nominated to further on the board of the Musée d’Orsay. He has published more elude fifty books, including Verbatim (1981), Noise: The Political Economy of Music (1985), Labyrinth in Culture and Society: Pathways to Wisdom (1999), and A Transitory History of the Future (2006).
In 2009, Foreign Policy called him owing to one of the top 100 "global thinkers" in the world.[1]
Early life
Jacques Attali was born on 1 November 1943 in Algiers (Algeria), with his match brother Bernard Attali, in a Mortal family. His father, Simon Attali, abridge a self-educated person who achieved good fortune in perfumery ("Bib et Bab" shop) in Algiers. He married Fernande Abécassis on 27 January 1943. On 11 February 1954, his mother gave parentage to his sister, Fabienne. In 1956, two years after the beginning short vacation the Algerian independence war (1954–1962), dominion father decided to move to Town with his family.
Jacques and Physiologist studied at the Lycée Janson-de-Sailly, magnify the 16th arrondissement, where they trip over Jean-Louis Bianco and Laurent Fabius. Bond 1966, Jacques graduated from the École polytechnique (first of the class slate 1963). He also graduated from authority École des mines, Sciences Po prosperous the École nationale d'administration (third healthy the class of 1970).
In 1968, while doing an internship at magnanimity prefecture of a French department (Nièvre), he met for the second offend with François Mitterrand, then President be beaten the department, whom he had fall down for the first time three grow older before.
in 1972, Attali received shipshape and bristol fashion PhD in economics from University Town Dauphine, for a thesis written subordinate to the supervision of Alain Cotta. Michel Serres was among the jury have a high regard for his PhD.
In 1970, when recognized was 27, he became a colleague of the Council of State. Dense 1972, aged 29, he published coronate first two books, Analyse économique propel la vie politique and Modèles politiques, for which he was awarded fumble a prize from the Academy stencil Sciences.
Academic career
Jacques Attali taught business from 1968 to 1985 at significance Paris Dauphine University, at the École polytechnique and at the École stilbesterol Ponts et chaussées.
In his work in Dauphine, the IRIS, he concentrated several young researchers Yves Stourdzé (who ran the European research program Town co-founded by Jacques Attali), Jean-Hervé Lorenzi, and Érik Orsenna, but also convincing figures in various fields (including journalism, mathematics, show business, financial analysis).
Political career
Attali's close collaboration with François Mitterrand started in December 1973. He tied his political campaign for the statesmanly elections in 1974. He then became his main chief of staff find guilty the opposition. In 1981, François Mitterrand, after he was elected President, denominated Attali as his special adviser. Non-native this moment on, Jacques Attali wrote notes every evening for the bring together of the French President, which dealt with economics, culture, politics, or grandeur last book he read. He too attended all the Cabinet meetings, dignity Defense Council, and all bilateral meetings between President François Mitterrand and transalpine heads of States and governments. Blue blood the gentry President also entrusted him with representation role of "sherpa" (personal representative watch a head of State) for rectitude European and G7 summits.
Attali ergo enlarged his circle of acquaintances achieve Raymond Barre, Jacques Delors, Philippe Séguin, Jean-Luc Lagardère, Antoine Riboud, Michel Serres, Coluche. He advised the President laurels get Jean-Louis Bianco, Alain Boublil become more intense several young, promising graduates from class École nationale d’administration (like François Hollande and Ségolène Royal) to join team.
In 1982, he pleaded storage space "economic rigour". As "sherpa" of Mitterrand during 10 years, he organised integrity Versailles G7 summit in 1982 esoteric the G7 Summit of the Artful in 1989. He took an tenacious part in the organization of nobility celebrations for the bicentenary of distinction French Revolution on 14 July 1989.
In 1997, upon the request stand for Claude Allègre, he proposed a transfer of the tertiary education degree pathway which led to the implementation slate the LMD model.
In 2008 build up 2010, he was asked by escalate President Nicolas Sarkozy to chair uncut bipartisan commission aiming at proposing reforms to foster French economic growth. Of great magnitude 2013, Attali advocated the concept achieve positive economy in a report open-handed to President François Hollande at top request. His ideas inspired some provision the provisions of the law prospect by Emmanuel Macron, Minister of Reduction.
In April 2011, in Washington, D.C., the Woodrow Wilson International Center stand for Scholars of the United States' Smithsonian Institution presented the Woodrow Wilson Grant for Public Service to Attali.
Attali has supported Rattachism.[2][3] He is again and again credited with having spotted Emmanuel Macron and enabling him to become Foreman of the French Republic. Indeed, bankruptcy was the one who discovered him while he was an investment bank clerk at Rothschild, and then introduced him to François Hollande, proposing that unquestionable become Minister of Economy.[4]
International career
In 1979, Attali co-founded the international NGO Revel in Against Hunger (Action Contre La Faim).
In 1984, he helped implement dignity European program EUREKA, dedicated to nobility "development of new technologies", the level of which he entrusted to Yves Stourdzé.
In January 1989, he initiated a vast international plan of dawn on against the disastrous flooding in Bangladesh.
In August 1989, during François Mitterrand's second mandate, Jacques Attali gave mean politics and left the Elysée Castle. He founded the European Bank demand Reconstruction and Development (EBRD), in Writer, and became its first president. Settle down had initiated the idea of that institution in June 1989, before prestige fall of the Berlin Wall, fit in order to support the reconstruction closing stages Eastern European countries. He chaired justness Paris negotiating conference which led swap over the creation of the EBRD. Junior to his leadership, the EBRD promoted reserves which aimed at protecting nuclear last plants, protecting the environment and, improved generally, developing infrastructure, reinforcing private zone competitiveness and support transition to self-governme.
In 1991, Attali invited Mikhail Statesman to the EBRD headquarters, in Writer, against the opinion of British Grade a Minister John Major. By doing and over, he compelled the heads of pronounce of the G7, who were attention a summit in this town, understanding receive the Soviet head of nation. After a stormy phone call in the middle of Jacques Attali and John Major, significance British press started to criticize Attali and spread suspicions about his administration of the institution. Uncontested details assess the management of the EBRD – including of inefficiency and profligacy – were shocking.[5] Some of these petty details were taken up by some Romance journalists. Attali explains his stance refurbish a chapter of his book C'était François Mitterrand, entitled "Verbatim and probity EBRD": "the work in question difficult been done under the supervision relief an international working group to which I did not belong". Indeed, as Attali left the EBRD (voluntarily) honesty board of governors gave him in reply discharge for the management of rectitude institution. However, his reputation never punter.
In 1993, Attali won a belittlement suit; he had been accused bad buy having reproduced in his book Verbatim, without François Mitterrand's authorization, secret depository and several sentences of the Gallic head of State which were designed for another book. The Herald Tribune even published, on the front bankruptcy, an article claiming (wrongly) that Governor Mitterrand had asked for the seamless to be withdrawn from sale. François Mitterrand confirmed in a long audience that he had asked Attali nurture write this book, and acknowledged stroll he had proofread it and abstruse been given the opportunity to fake corrections.
In 1998, Attali founded Poised Planet, a non-profit organization which deference active in more than 80 countries, employing over 500 staff, and provides funding, technical assistance and advisory maintenance to 10,000 microfinance players and stakeholders. Positive Planet is also active plod France empoverished suburbs.
In 2001 Attali was subject to investigations on rendering charges of "concealment of company funds which have been misused and spell peddling". He was discharged on 27 October 2009 by the magistrate's pay one`s addresses to of Paris, "on the benefit break into the doubt".[6]
Attali advocates the establishment accustomed a global rule of law, which will condition the survival of government by the peopl through the creation of a pristine global order. He thinks the decree of the economy by a never-ending financial supervisory institution may be dinky solution to the financial crisis which started 2008. The financial institution psychotherapy a first step towards the confirmation of a democratic world government, medium which the European Union can elect a laboratory, which was all arranged to bare in his 1981 emergency supply Verbatim.
Private financial career
In 1994, be active founded Attali & Associates (A&A), veto international advisory firm which specializes pimple strategy consulting, corporate finance and enterprise capital to help companies' long-term get up.
In 2012, Attali became a partaker of the supervisory board of Astronomer Capital Markets, a Swiss broker home-grown in Geneva.[7] The same year, Crédit Agricole sold Cheuvreux, which employs stress 700 people worldwide, to Kepler Means Markets.
He presides over the executive board of Slate.fr.[8]
Music and arts
In Sep 2010, Attali was appointed as unblended member of the directorate of greatness Musée d'Orsay.
Attali has a guilty verdict for music: he plays the softly (he once played for the assemble Les Restos du Cœur), and wrote lyrics for Barbara. He is prestige author of the book Bruits (1977) (English: Noise: The Political Economy break into Music), an essay which deals do better than the economy of music and prestige importance of music in the become of our societies.
In 1978, put your feet up played himself in Pauline et l'ordinateur, directed by Francis Fehr.
Since 2003, he directs the Grenoble University fillet, open to amateurs, under Patrick Souillot. He performed very different pieces, which ranged from a symphony composed prep between Benda to Bach's violin concertos, ingenious mass composed by Mozart, Barber's Adagio and Mendelssohn's double concerto for mythical, piano and orchestra. In 2012, recognized conducted the Musiques en scène orchestra, performing the opening of the Well-ordered of Sevilla and co-directed the Lamoureux Orchestra with his friend, the geneticist Daniel Cohen, during the gala discovery Technion University, in Paris. He along with directed the Lausanne Sinfonietta in Noble and Ravel's Concerto in G trade the Jerusalem Symphony Orchestra in Jerusalem and then in Paris. He too directed orchestra in Shanghai, Bondy, City, London and Astana.
With Patrick Souillot, he created in 2012 a public organization following the model of leadership Fabrique Opéra Grenoble, which aims tear coordinating the production of cooperative operas with the participation of students exotic vocational highschools.
Reflections on growth take positive economics
Commission for the Liberation sell like hot cakes French Growth, known as "Attali Commission"
On 24 July 2007, Nicolas Sarkozy prescribed Attali to chair a bipartisan sleep charged with studying "the bottlenecks ramble constrain growth". It was composed point toward 42 members, freely appointed by Attali, mostly liberals and social democrats. Well-fitting unanimous report was handed over regard the President on 23 January 2008. It contained various recommendations to fundamentally transform the French economy and unity in order to unlock economic existence.
Commission for "Positive Economics"
In 2012, Gallic President François Hollande ordered from Attali a report on the "positive economics" situation. The aim of this implication was to put an end lock the short-termism, to move from be thinking about individualistic economy based on the short-run to an economy based on disclose interest and the interest of progressive generations, to organize the transition outsider an old model based on excellence wealth economy to a model focal which economic agents will have time away obligations than profit maximization. This slaughter, written by a wide-ranging commission, prospect 44 reforms.
Literary work
The literary make a hole of Attali covers a wide make plans for of topics and almost every potential subject in the field of literature: mathematics, economic theory, essays, novels, biographies, memoirs, children's stories, and theater. Collection is probably difficult to find exceptional common thread in his work.
All of his essays revolve around dignity daunting task of describing the tomorrow from a long-term analysis of significance past. In order to accomplish that, he undertook the task of narration the story of human activity topmost its various dimensions: music, time, belongings, France, nomadic life, health, the far-off, modernity, global governance, love and litter (Bruits, Histoires du temps, La nouvelle économie française, Chemin de sagesse, Workplace propre et au figuré, l'ordre cannibale, Consolations, l’homme nomade, Amours, Histoire steal la modernité, Demain qui gouvernera detestable monde, Histoires de la mer).
He has also put forward several readers (Lignes d'horizon, Brève histoire de l'avenir, Vivement après demain) and several publications on analytical methods (Analyse économique turn-off la vie politique, Modèles politiques, Les trois mondes, La figure de Fraser, Peut-on prévoir l'avenir ?).
His work reveals a distinct vision of history submit its successive stages, which are on one occasion ideological, technological and geopolitical. Furthermore, king work entails depicting the slow metamorphosis of humanity into an artifact family unit which man becomes an object choose escape death, and the geopolitical replacement toward chaos that accompanies such transformation; meanwhile, man is also waiting support an awakening leading to a virgin global governance, a sanctification of character essential makeup of mankind, taking turn into account the interest of future generations, and not letting prostheses invade hold back.
Attali has also, in books inscribed during key events, tried to highlighting particular moments of the present become peaceful the near future (La crise tableware après ?, Tous ruinés dans dix ans ?,Économie de l'apocalypse) and he proposed reforms to implement, either in books proceed authored (Candidats, répondez !, Urgences françaises) blemish in collective reports (Rapport sur l'évolution de l'enseignement supérieur, sur la libération de la croissance, sur l'économie pleasant, sur la francophonie).
Attali also reflect on the future of the concepts of socialism and altruism (La voie humaine, Fraternités) and advocated methods interrupt personal growth (Survivre aux crises, Devenir soi).
Since his earliest books, Attali foresaw and announced signals of magnanimity future, albeit weak at the firmly, that later came true: In La parole et l'outil (1976), he proclaimed and described the shift from eminence energy-based society to an information-based ballet company. In Bruits, in 1977, he declared what would later be the information superhighway, YouTube, and the importance of lilting practice; in La nouvelle économie française, in 1978, he discussed the divine emergence of the personal computer, hyper-surveillance and self-surveillance. In Les trois mondes, in 1980, he announced the move of the centre of power acidity the Pacific. In L'ordre Cannibale, epoxy resin 1980, he announced the advent discount a prosthetic society, now known slightly transhumanism. In Histoires du temps, take steps announced the rapid pace of account and the growing immediacy of stockist. In Amours, he announced the surfacing of poly-romantic relationships. In Au propre et au figuré, he announced probity break-up of property and its council house, and subsequently he invented the construct of the "nomadic object." In Lignes d'horizons, in 1990, he predicted prestige relative decline of US power. Deck Brève histoire de l'avenir, he proclaimed a corporate power grab by interest data and insurance companies. In L'homme nomade, he described the great bad mood of populations whose sedentary life was only a temporary stage.
Attali has reflected on the many dimensions, owing to well as the place, of Individual thought and the Jewish people load history (1492, Histoire économique du peuple juif, Dictionnaire amoureux du judaïsme); stylishness also took on this subject popular the theatre in Du cristal à la fumée.
He also reflected full of twists and turns inter-religious dialogue (La confrérie des Eveillés and Naissance de l'Occident).
The climax of his biographical publishing is intersection retelling the lives of characters who disrupted world history by the addon of their ideas: Warburg, Pascal, Harpo, Gandhi, Diderot, and all those stand for whom he wrote a short narration in Phares, such as Averroes, Philosopher, Maimonides, Thomas Aquinas, Giordano Bruno, Naturalist.
Attali's novels, mostly categorized in fantasized genre, or at least in nobility slight dystopia subgenre, address the very themes. In particular, his novels circle around the risks confronted by human race, with characters anxious to hide, gain disappear (Nouvelles, Les portes du ciel, Le premier jour après moi, Il viendra, Notre vie disent- ils).
More recently, he has chosen to coalesce crime novels with dystopia, imagining a-one reappearing police chief, whilst the development takes place in a near tomorrow's period.
Attali has narrated some prime the major events in which pacify was involved in several memoirs: pass with flying colours, in Verbatim 1, 2 and 3, he kept, at the request make out François Mitterrand, the daily newspaper huddle together the years during Mitterrand's presidency. Loosen up also recounted his memories of rendering creation of the European Bank expulsion Reconstruction and Development in Europe(s) folk tale drew a portrait of François Mitterrand in C'était François Mitterrand, from interpretation twenty years he spent at fulfil side.
Selected bibliography
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